Love in Desires Baby, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love, and The Nym

Love in Desire's Baby by Kate Chopin, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love by Christopher Marlowe, and The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd by Sir Walter Raleigh The socioeconomic condition and status of a person greatly impacts whether or not love will be reciprocated. That is evidenced by the story of â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby†, by Kate Chopin and the poems â€Å"The Passionate Shepherd to His Love†, by Christopher Marlowe and â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd†, by Sir Walter Raleigh. All these literary works relate love with socioeconomic status and how love is subordinated to society’s norms. â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby† is clearly a story about the clash of love and social status. It takes place in Louisiana in a time where slavery was still present and dictated the way of life. It is a story about love and how it can be plagued by racial divide. Armand did not care that Dà ©sirà ©e’s past was unknown and decided to marry her. He probably didn’t care that much because as the saying goes: â€Å"what you don’t know can’t hurt you†. At the time Dà ©sirà ©e had her baby things started to change. When Madame Valmondà © visited Dà ©sirà ©e and the baby it was already obvious by her reaction that race and status were going to affect the love and the marriage. When Armand figured out that the baby wasn’t 100% white the marriage fell apart and it all ended. The fact that his wife was part black was to hard for him to bear, it was something unacceptable in society in those days. In an ironic twist of fa ith Armand then found out through a letter from his mother to his father that he was the one who was actually part black. The story clearly shows how status can interfere with love. As this passage shows it Armand loved Dà ©sirà ©e: The pass... ...gh love is a personal feeling it still needs, most of the time, society’s acceptance to become concrete. If society and its norms judge that a love shouldn’t happen and that it isn’t real (even if it is) it usually will not work out, it will be destined to fail. It is said that â€Å"all you need is love†, but that is rarely the case. Most people feel like they need acceptance and that will not happen if they break society’s norms, even love is subordinate to those norms. Works Cited Schilb, John, and John Clifford, eds. Making Literature Matter: An Anthology for Readers and Writers. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2003. Marlowe, Christopher. â€Å"The Passionate Shepherd to His Love.† Schilb and Clifford 846-847. Raleigh, Sir Walter. â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.† Schilb and Clifford 848. Chopin, Kate. â€Å"Dà ©sirà ©e’s Baby.† Schilb and Clifford 864-868.

Happiness in marriage Essay

â€Å"Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance.† With reference to marriages in Pride and Prejudice, to what extent is this statement true? Marriage is the key issue in Pride and Prejudice, and Austen uses class structure, manners and proper behaviour in society to embellish the topic. It is the overall picture given by these subjects that tell us about the happiness a woman could expect from entering the state of marriage, whether marrying for love and felicity, or, as seems the wise choice in the case of many of the characters, for money and financial security. Pride and Prejudice explores the situations that many young ladies found themselves put in, and whether or not it was possible to achieve fulfilment and happiness if you were to marry for the latter. In the Bennet household, particularly, marriage is a very poignant subject. For Mrs Bennet, she feels it is essential for her girls (and for herself) that they should marry well, as otherwise they stand to lose everything without a son to take over the estate. Her feelings are made clear at the beginning, once she has heard that a wealthy Mr Bingley has recently moved to the neighbourhood. Without any knowledge or regard for his character, she immediately jumps to the conclusion that it is ‘a fine thing for our girls’. This statement is made purely on the awareness of his handsome fortune, and of the happiness and fortune that it could bring her. She uses the word ‘girls’, and this shows that she doesn’t care for individual happiness, but she does want one of them married to him, never mind which. Her own marriage is described as lacking in ‘respect, esteem and confidence’, and through Elizabeth’s eyes it is improper and ‘unsuitable’. Although their marriage was based chiefly on an attraction on Mr Bennet’s part, Jane Austen states that it had been an ‘imprudent’ move, and that he ‘had married a woman whose weak understanding and illiberal mind had very early in their marriage put an end to all real affection.’ The only happiness he seems to have from the marriage is his constant mocking of his wife for his own amusement, and marvelling at her ignorance. The marriage which exists is based on a fancy rather than the three qualities that Jane Austen, through Elizabeth, attributes to true marital happiness for both partners: respect, esteem and confidence, which is exactly what Mr and Mrs Bennet don’t have for each other. Mrs Bennet, for her own daughter’s marriages, sees the purpose as a way of supporting themselves, and gaining some kind of financial security, and the bigger the fortune, the better the match. When Elizabeth turns down the heir to Longbourn, Mr Collins, she says to her daughter â€Å"If you go on refusing every offer of marriage, you will never get a husband, and I am sure I do not know who is to maintain you when your father is dead.† This view is one shared by Charlotte, although she does not air her opinions so openly. Charlotte Lucas is a realist. Her role in the book is to represent the thoughts and intentions of many ladies in eighteenth century society. What numerous young women were doing, whether they were influenced by their mothers or not, was to make a cautious and prudent marriage. As a girl of twenty-seven, plain, and in danger of dying an old maid, she has taken on the view that ‘happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance’ is a reference to the fact that women did pre-dominantly marry for money, not indeed love. She even goes as far as to advise Elizabeth on a match with Mr Darcy, although Elizabeth’s feelings are prejudiced towards him. She tells Elizabeth ‘not to be a simpleton, and allow her fancy for Wickham make her appear unpleasant in the eyes of [Darcy] a man ten times his consequence.’ This shows her prudence, that although Elizabeth has admitted she has feelings for Wickham, she should keep herself open to anyone who pays her a compliment, and is wealthier. It is this theory that influences her own marriage with Mr Collins, for although there is no real affection on her side, he can offer her protection and a comfortable life. The practical nature of her marriage causes her to justify herself to her best friend, and she openly admits to her ‘I am not a romantic, I never was’. Immediately, this tells us that this marriage is not the result of a passionate affair, it is the conclusion that her ‘chance of happiness with him is as fair as most people can boast on entering the marriage state.’ This statement is quite shocking, because it means the wedding takes place with no real affection on either side: it is done merely for self-gain. This view is also made clear when she comments on Jane and Bingley’s relationship: ‘When [Jane] is secure of him (i.e. a wedding or engagement has taken place), there will be leisure for falling in love as much as she chuses.’ Although Mr Collins seems to be happy, when he tells Elizabeth that ‘We (he and Charlotte) seem to have been designed for each other,’ we have to go back to the fact that Charlotte was his third choice. He had favoured Jane, before Mrs Bennet enlightened him with the information that she believed that she would soon be engaged to Bingley, and it was only afterwards, when Elizabeth had turned his offer of marriage down, that he showed any regard for Charlotte. He proposed twice in three days, and so it is clear that no real feelings of admiration on either part could have developed strongly. This marriage is established on the ground that Mr Collins wants to set an example to his parishioners, and, more importantly in his eyes, to please his wealthy patroness, Lady Catherine. Mr. Collins also remarks on Elizabeth’s situation, as his wife had done previously when he says that her ‘portion is unhappily so small that it will in all likelihood undo the effects of [her] loveliness and amiable qualifications.’ The Lucases are by no means wealthy, but Mr Collins is not looking for wealth, he is looking to add to his happiness by obtaining a companion. He came with the intention of returning home with a Bennet bride, but failing that he has an intelligent, practical woman, who has gone into a marriage with no pre-wedding romance, but to be content with her quite prosperous situation. As Elizabeth observes, Charlotte was ‘disgracing herself and sunk in her esteem, was added the distressing conviction that it was impossible for that friend to be tolerably happy in the lot she had chosen.’ In direct contrast to Charlotte’s carefully thought about match, Lydia rushes into a passionate and imprudent marriage. Society almost expected women to marry above their own wealth and station, to make a sensible union, but it was a disgrace to have an affair – it was essential that a woman should keep her virtue. Lydia, however, did the latter but not the first. Inside these parameters, Lydia is a slur on her already tarnished family name. Herr quite insincere love caused her to follow her heart, and go against the foresight that was instilled in so many young women, essentially from birth. Her love can be described more as a ‘fancy’, because it holds none of the virtues so important to Elizabeth, and therefore Jane Austen’s eyes: respect, esteem and gratitude. However, the match between herself and Wickham gives them both happiness, and, although her family does not share their feelings, her decision, however misguided, does give her happiness. Prior to the marriage, she writes ‘for there is but one man in the world I love, and he is an angel’. This view is in opposition to Charlotte’s, that one must marry into good fortune, and then see what happiness may come of it, if any at all. Lydia’s perception of Wickham is unchanged when she writes again, once Elizabeth and Darcy are married. She says that ‘If you love Mr Darcy half so well as I do my dear Wickham, you must be very happy.’ Although on initially embarking on her elopement, the marriage looked as though it was a flirtatious whim, especially on the part of Wickham, by the end, there is no real relationship development, except that they still love each other. From the circumstances surrounding both of their families, it is safe to say that Wickham is not marrying for wealth, it is for his apparent love for Lydia. Previously, he had been engaged to Mary King, a wealthy heiress of ten thousand pounds, and Elizabeth had said of the match ‘a wise and desirable measure for both; handsome young men must have something to live on, as well as the plain.’ As Colonel Fitzwilliam said of men ‘Our habits of expense make us too dependent, and there are not many in my rank of life who can afford to marry without some attention to money’. However, these same motives are not seen in his match with Lydia, although it is true to say that unless Darcy had intervened, they may not have married. Elizabeth also observes that his affections for Lydia were ‘not equal to Lydia’s for him†¦.that their elopement had been brought on by the strength of her love’. She also wonders why ‘he chose to elope with her at all’, before coming to the conclusion that some financial gain must have been the reason, ‘and if that were the case, he was not the young man to resist an opportunity of having a companion’. However, these reasons have not impaired Lydia’s enjoyment of married life, nor Wickham’s, as she is constantly praising him – he is always her ‘dear’, and he did ‘everything the best in the world’. Whether these observations are made due to Lydia’s ignorance, or her blindness in her fancy, she does not seem to have tired of him, as Mr Bennet had of Mrs Bennet soon after their wedding. Someone who has married for both money and affection is Jane. There is a mutual attraction between her and Mr Bingley, and this leads onto, we presume, matrimonial bliss. Their relationship is fixed firmly on a rational basis, and they both share an optimistic view of the world. Elizabeth, early on in the book, comments on the likelihood that Jane’s marriage would be for money, not love, but by the end, Jane and Bingley’s equally happy manners and charming countenances mean that there is equality in their affections – unlike Wickham and Lydia, where there is more fondness on her side. Their shared admiration for one another gives the foundation for equilibrium, that there will be a good balance of respect, esteem and confidence on both sides. Mr Bingley says that ‘he could not conceive an angel more attractive,’ while Jane says of Bingley, albeit in private, that ‘she never saw such happy manners’. With these observations, this is a match will lead to domestic felicity – that luck and chance will have no role in the marriage; it has been carefully thought out, and although it is practical, it is also a match which will bring happiness on both sides. Elizabeth describes him as ‘violently in love’, and goes on to say, at the request of her aunt, that he was ‘wholly engrossed in her’ and his inattention to anyone else, meant that this was ‘the very essence of love.’ Mr Bennet, immediately after the engagement had been announced tells his daughter that ‘you will be a very happy woman†¦I have no doubt of your doing very well together.’ These views are ones shared by all, because it is obvious from their first physical attraction, and also their same manner, that they were well suited, and that their pleasure is secured by such high regard. However, when Elizabeth announces her engagement, her father is not as convinced that she will be as happy as Jane is. Her knowledge of Darcy’s gallantry has grown, whereas her father’s has been stifled, and so he doubts her true happiness when he says: ‘I know your true disposition, Lizzy. I know that you could be neither happy nor respectable unless you truly esteemed your husband.’ However, his understanding of her true feelings could not be further from the truth. Throughout the entire book, it seems Darcy and Elizabeth’s relationship is the only one that has grown in understanding and estimation of one another. Respect on both sides has grown, because as they have gained more knowledge, they have also gained more esteem. This is the one relationship where there is a true shift from almost hate to true love. The re-assessment of characters allows us to see the real feelings behind the relationship, and even with Jane and Bingley’s, although they respect one another, their connection is based centrally around admiration, whereas Darcy and Elizabeth have had to conquer their own pride and prejudice to have a full understanding of each other. Throughout the novel, Austen dropped hints about Darcy’s interest into Elizabeth’s intriguing character, but Elizabeth showed no interest in Darcy, except to air her feelings of intolerance at his proud nature. Mrs Gardiner, whose marriage is a very good example of what a successful relationship should aim to achieve, is very motherly towards Elizabeth and gives her competent advice, rather than nonsensical schemes for marriage. She advises her on her fancy for Mr Wickham: ‘affection for Wickham would be so very imprudent because of his want of fortune’. The relationships in the book are mainly seen through the eyes of Elizabeth, and it is she who determines whether they are happy or not. She was full of scorn for Charlotte’s match with her father’s cousin, and when she advised Elizabeth that Jane should ‘secure’ him and than fall in love, she made a witty and ironic comment, which tells us that she would only marry for a love that had been determined before a ceremony: ‘Where nothing is in question but the desire of being well married; and if I were determined to get a rich husband, or any husband, I dare say I should adopt it.’ In short, Lizzy represents Austen’s own view on marriage, that one should truly know, admire and respect a person before entering the state. Her mother complained to Mrs Gardiner, that had it not been for Lizzy’s ‘perverseness’ she could have married Mr Collins. With views such as this, it is little wonder that the intelligent Elizabeth has such guarded opinion of marriage: she had always been aware of the ‘impropriety’ of her own parent’s union, that this could put her off entering into marriage with someone she did not hold esteem for. It is this reasoning that allows her to fall in love with Darcy, and visa versa. Her unconventional views on what should be established prior to an engagement contrast with many of the motives for the marriages in the book. Lydia and Wickham, as well as Mr Bennet had all been headlong in their reasons, and these marriages, although they could bring happiness for at least some amount of time would not have been as morally successful as Elizabeth and Darcy, whose marriage is based on mutual esteem. Whereas Charlotte had thought about the espousal, and then agreed, much to the disdain of her friend, her happiness is impaired, because the marriage is not based on love, as Elizabeth’s is, it is principled on common gain, as were many matches in the society. Not only do Darcy and Elizabeth respect and gratify each other, they also share common interests, such as reading, as well as having the same elegant tastes. These qualities ensure happiness, unlike Mr and Mrs Bennet, where stimulation of the mind is essential to one, and stimulation of the tongue necessary for the other. Pride and Prejudice is a very good example of what different types of marriages can achieve: a good home and security, passion and fun or intelligent companionship. Marriage opens up different ways to different types of happiness, but true happiness can only be achieved on the grounds of honour and deference. Lydia, and to some extent Wickham, are happy, despite the different morals in their marriage, when compared to Charlotte and Mr Collins marriage. Darcy and Elizabeth are happy because they knew, appreciated and respected each other before entering matrimony, whereas Wickham and Lydia entered marriage with little but their fancy for each other to base their lives together on. In my opinion, Darcy and Elizabeth’s match is better, because their happiness is determined before marriage, not decided afterwards. ‘Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance’ is true to some marriages, but in a carefully calculated marriage, based on respect, esteem and confidence, the question of chance is indifferent.   

Make Your Own Sugar Crystals for Rock Candy

Its easy to grow your own sugar crystals, which are also known as rock candy because the crystallized sucrose, also known as table sugar, resembles rock crystals and you can eat your finished product. You can grow clear, beautiful sugar crystals with sugar and water or you can add food coloring to get colored crystals. Its simple, safe, and fun. Boiling water is required to dissolve the sugar, so adult supervision is recommended for this project. Difficulty: Easy Time Required: A few days to a week Rock Candy Ingredients 1 cup water3 cups table sugar (sucrose)clean glass jarpencil or butter knifestringpan or bowl for boiling water and  making the solutionspoon or stirring rod How to Grow Rock Candy Gather your materials.You might want to grow a seed crystal, a small crystal to weight your string and provide a surface for larger crystals to grow on. A seed crystal isnt necessary as long as youre using a rough string or yarn.Tie the string to a pencil or butter knife. If you have made a seed crystal, tie it to the bottom of the string. Set the pencil or knife across the top of the glass jar and make sure that the string will hang into the jar without touching its sides or bottom. However, you want the string to hang nearly to the bottom. Adjust the length of the string, if necessary.Boil the water. If you boil your water in the microwave, be very careful removing it to avoid getting splashed.Stir in the sugar, a teaspoonful at a time. Keep adding sugar until it starts to accumulate at the bottom of the container and wont dissolve even with more stirring. This means your sugar solution is saturated. If you dont use a saturated solution, then your crystals wont grow quickly. On the other hand, if you add too much sugar, new crystals will grow on the undissolved sugar and not on your string.If you want colored crystals, stir in a few drops of food coloring.Pour your solution into the clear glass jar. If you have undissolved sugar at the bottom of your container, avoid getting it in the jar.Place the pencil over the jar and allow the string to dangle into the liquid.Set the jar where it can remain undisturbed. If you like, you can set a coffee filter or paper towel over the jar to prevent dust from falling into the jar.Check on your crystals after a day. You should be able to see the beginnings of crystal growth on the string or seed crystal.Let the crystals grow until they have reached the desired size or have stopped growing. At this point, you can pull out the string and allow the crystals to dry. You can eat them or keep them. Tips Crystals will form on a cotton or wool string or yarn, but not on a nylon line. If you use a nylon line, tie a seed crystal to it to stimulate crystal growth.If youre making the crystals to eat, dont use a fishing weight to hold your string down. The toxic lead from the weight will end up in the water. Paper clips are a better choice, but still not great.

The Importance Of Unionization And Labor Costs - 972 Words

As a member of GMFC’s planning Committee, my main responsibility involves issues related to potential unionization and labor costs. Below I have compiled a list of my recommendations for keeping GMFC productive and un-unionized. In order to prevent unionization of GMFC, the firm must address the main reasons why employees create unions in the first place; general dissatisfaction with how management treats employees, unfair pay, lack of benefits, substandard working conditions and overall employee perception that the firm is unfair and unresponsive to employee’s needs and requests. Other ways to inhibit unionization is to address the location of the firm and the number of employees. The location of GMFC plays a key factor in preventing unionization. According to Fossum (2012) unionization is highest in states found in the Northeast and Midwest of the U.S. and lowest in states located in the Southern U.S. and rural areas. I would propose the new plant’s loc ation be in rural North Caroline, the state with the lowest union membership rate of 1.9 percent (United States Department of Labor, 2015). The idea behind placing the plant in an area or state that has a strong history of meager union membership is that the employees of the plant with have less access to information regarding unionization and its potential benefits, reducing the likely hood of a union being created. Additionally, I would advise GMFC in regards to the size of the plant and the number of employeesShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Unionization For Unionized Workers Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesof Human Resources what is my opinion on the next course of action for my hospital. The Advantages to the Organization for Unionized Unionization offers employees a method for countering employers’ powers to unilaterally change employment conditions. Members elect officers and may hire agents to bargain an employment contract with the owners’ manager. 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Labor unions are groups or clubs of workers and employees who bond together to get good conditions, fair pay, and fair hours for their labor. These unions are usually joined together, and most unions in America are some branch of the largest labor union organization in the United States, the AFL-CIO with thirteen millionRead MoreThe Role Of Unions In Healthcare1113 Words   |  5 Pagesquestioning of the effectiveness of unionization as a whole. The healthcare industry is no exception to this, especially when it comes to management and nurses. Despite these attempts to counteract the power of these unions, unions within the healthcare industry have been growing more within the decade or so. Nurses have the largest amount members of healthcare unions, and arguably the most overworked worker part of the healthcare industry. 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South Asian Countries, India, Pakistan, And Bangladesh

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This paper dissects landholding structures and the implication of the landholding structures to agricultural development within South Asian. The paper, further, postulates policy implications of the landholding structures and measures that policy makers need to take into consideration in ensuring that farmers benefit from landholding structures through maximum agricultural development. A majority of India’s population holds less than one hectare of land. In discussion of India’s landholding structure, it is necessary to understand Kerala, TamilShow MoreRelatedThe Era Of Co Operation And Developing International Relations1654 Words   |  7 Pagesera of co-operation and developing international relations. Globalization has brought countries closer to one another and has formed different organizations and alliance for mutual benefits. Representatives of nations gather in a common platform and discuss their countries benefits, interests, problems and work together to achieve their goals. 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To cope up with the changing trade of economic order and making development was the main target. There are some political economic factors that have been working behind the formation of SAARC. Though the South Asian countries (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan) have common, history, heritage , cultural ,linguisticRead MoreAgreements Between Bangladesh And India Essay1891 Words   |  8 Pages CHAPTER 3 AGREEMENTS AND INSTITUTIONS RELATED TO SHARED RIVERS WITHIN SOUTH ASIA AND BEYOND SHAFQAT KAKAKHEL The author is a former senior Pakistani diplomat and former UN Assistant Secretary General and currently Chairperson of the Board of Governors of the Sustainable Development Policy Institute, Islamabad â€Æ' Contents 3.1. INTRODUCTION 2 3.2. AGREEMENTS ON SHARED RIVER WATERS NEGOTIATED BY INDIA AND NEPAL 3 3.2.1. The Sarda Barrage Agreement 4 3.2.2. The Koshi Project Agreement

Stand Your Ground Free Essays

Diamond Crenshaw Professor Roost VPA 192: MW 31 October 2013 Stand Your Ground Law Liberty cannot be preserved without general knowledge among the people. -John Adams As many of you are aware about the Traywon Martin / George Zimmerman story as well as Marissa Alexander on going story and both final Judgments so I became very curious about the â€Å"Stand Your Ground† law. In todays society, many young people especially minorities like me who aren’t aware about many laws that could actually prevent a harsh Judgment if not any sentencing at all. We will write a custom essay sample on Stand Your Ground or any similar topic only for you Order Now Stand your round law originally branched off from another familiar law the Castle Doctrine. The Castle Doctrine acts as a self-defense law especially designed for those with homes. If an individual experience an intrusion while home they may act in the best possible way of protecting themselves and cannot be charged with any crime. The stand your ground law was to help those who felt the need to take actions into their own hands during tragic and horrific situations. In some cases, citizens felt death was a last resort and they should not be penalized for self-defense. In 2005 (Octoberl, to be exact), Florida was the first state to pass a law where you could revoke (go against) the duty to retreat. The duty to retreat is if a person who may be faced with existing danger, they are to retreat (step back) before using any violence. Stand your ground also provide immunity (exception) from being prosecuted or entire trial all together, in most states. Since 2005, 25 other states have also passed this law which are mostly the mid-western and southern and led by Republicans. States with stand your round law condones someone using force before stepping back and no arrest can be made unless there is evidence proving otherwise. Meanwhile every state has their own interpretation of this law, Florida’s goes to extreme measures. In Florida, this law could be applied to you in any environment in that state unlike in Wisconsin this law does not extend to public areas. In North Carolina, it’s illegal to use a deadly force to a man of the law, landlords and bail bondsman but in South Carolina; you can only apply this law if the person wasn’t engaged in illegal activity. In February 2012, Traywon Martin was killed by George Zimmerman who was a neighborhood watchman. Traywon Martin was an unarmed 17 year old boy who was Just walking home from a local store when he was stopped by Zimmerman who felt Traynv’on was up to no good. Zimmerman was taken into custody after being treated for head injuries where he was questioned about the incident for five hours. The police chief released Zimmerman stating that he had a right to defend himself with excessive force and by the Stand Your Ground law he was to release Zimmerman immediately. As this case was heard about throughout the country, great deal of media coverage, and protests Florida decided to make a full investigation. About six weeks after the shooting, Zimmerman was finally arrested and charged with murder and if found guilty he was looking at life without any parole. Trial began on June 10, 2013 and after manslaughter charges. The Juries believe Zimmerman was acting in self-defense and there no injustice present. Zimmerman suffered from a fractured nose and injuries on the back of the head. Zimmerman defense team stated due to Martin’s taller rame and stamina, he had to act in such a violent way. Traywon Martin was 5’1 1, 185 pounds who played football at his local high school meanwhile George Zimmerman who was 28 years old at the time was 5’8 and 200 pounds. One day after the verdict, the NAACP started a petition asking the Justice department to open a civil rights case against George Zimmerman. In Just a few hours, over 130,000 people signed the petition. Attorney General Eric Holder said the Department of Justice was currently looking into opening a civil rights case and also criticized the stand your ground law. One month after the verdict was read, one of the Jurors spoke out and stated she â€Å"felt in her heart that Zimmerman was guilty and now she regretted her choice†. She also stated that the Judge reminded the Jury when deciding on a sentence to use the evidence at hand and not on sympathy for the family. Nonviolent rallies have been held in over 100 cities about racial profiling. Marissa Alexander is also a victim of the stand your ground law. She is currently serving 20 years for shooting warning shots to her estranged husband who was abusive to her during and after her pregnancy ack in 2010. The mother of 3 had no prior record before the shooting. Alexander went back to her previous home that she thought was deserted to retrieve some of her belongings where she end up arguing with her husband. In the mist of the argument, her husband chased her into her to the bathroom where she locked herself in for protection. Her husband broke down the door, grabs her and slams her head into the bathroom door. Somehow she was able to break away from him and immediately ran pass his two young sons and out of the home. She realizes that she eft her car keys inside the home so she retrieves her licensed gun. As she re-entered the home, she fired a warning shot into the wall that ricochet into the ceiling. The court revoke her from using the stand your ground law because they believe she fired the gun with intentions of harming her husband as well as she had the opportunity to get away once she got outside the house. The children were also present during the ordeal and couldVe been harmed as well. In the state of Florida there’s a law called 10-20 Life which was passed in 1999 whereas anyone who uses he gun in the commission of certain felonies gets an automatic 10 years in prison, if you fire the gun an automatic 20 years and if you shoot and wound someone you get 25 years to life. Marissa Alexander not only was stripped away her rights of using the stand your ground for acting in self-defense but she was charged with aggravated assault with a deadly weapon and was sentenced to 20 years in prison. In September 2013, the District Court of Appeals for Florida decided to grant Marissa Alexander a new trial since the previous Judge did not properly instruct the Jury on what is onsidered as self-defense. Many politicians including Senator John McCain have stated â€Å"l can also see that the stand your ground law may be something that needs to be reviewed by the Florida Legislature or any other Legislature† where a lot of people are starting to disagree. So what have we learned from Stand Your Ground law? It’s okay to kill a young teen who looks suspect because he’s wearing a oversized hoodie and when you actually act in self-defense with nobody being harmed you are still used the same in every state and in the state of Florida this law needs major adjustments. How to cite Stand Your Ground, Papers

Australia and its Healthcare System

Question: Write a report on "Australia and its Healthcare System". Answer: Introduction Universal health care or universal health coverage, generally refers the system related to the health care, which focused on providing health care, as well as, the financial protection to all the individuals of the particular country. According to the Director-General of the WHO, Dr Margaret Chan, universal health coverage is the single and most powerful concept offered to the public health. Universal health care unifies all the services and delivers them in the most integrated and comprehensive way, based on the primary health care. The global coalition, nowadays, have accelerated the access to the universal coverage. It has been observed that the global coalition consisting of more than 500 health and development organizations globally is urging the governments for accelerating the reforms to ensure every individual at any place, can access the services related to the quality health without being subjected to poverty ("The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities", 2010). Further, the coalition lays emphasis on the necessity of the universal access to various health services for the purpose of saving lives, terminating extreme poverty, and building resilience against different health effects due to the climate change, as well as, ending the occurrence of the deadly epidemics like Ebola. In this article, we are going to discuss about Australia and its healthcare policies that aids in the process of the universal health coverage. Various policies like the Health Insurance Commission, Department of Veterans, The Department of Family and Childrens Services, The Health Department of Western Australia, and Medicare policy are present in Australia that promotes the cause of equal health to everyone and provides the financial aids to the patients (Bates, 2010). Australia and its Healthcare system Healthcare provisions over the decade: Australia consists of a complex system of health care, including various kinds of services, providers, and a wide range of regulatory mechanisms and the funding mechanisms. In Australia, both the public, as well as, the private sectors provide health care and funding involving all the levels of government in the process. Australia, mainly has a tax-funded system of the health care, with subsidized medical services via the universal national health insurance scheme. Moreover, the health services in Australia are administered by the federal system by Australias government, which are delivered by various publics, as well as, the private providers. The Australian Government is also known as the Federal Government, or the Commonwealth focuses on funding instead of providing health services. The government also subsidizes various pharmaceuticals, as well as, the residential care involving the elderly (Humphreys Weinand, 2010). The main changes that h ave been observed in the health care system of Australia over the past decade consists of the public support provided for the private health insurance, a rise in the Medicare schedule fee from 85% to 100% for the general practitioners to counteract the drop occurring in the bulk-billing, various efforts in the formulation and implementation of the national policies with the help of various intergovernmental forums, like the Australian Health Ministers Conference and the Council of Australian Governments, and the national government funding for coordinated care programs. Increased attention to be laid in the planning of the workforce following a report made by the Productivity Commission based on the shortages of professional and inflexible practices related to the healthcare, more initiatives taken related to the e-health, and huge attention was paid towards the quality of the care, as well as, the safety of the patient (Murray Skull, 2005). Financial model adopted to ensure health for all: The Commonwealth plays the leadership role in financing and health policy-making given it the constitutional mandate and the power of the purse. The Commonwealth funds, administers the schedule related to the Medicare Benefits, which includes payments to the practitioners, the Pharmaceutical Benefits Schedule involving the subsidized drug purchases, and the Australian Health Care Agreements, which contributes to the funds to various states for running the public hospitals. Moreover, the Commonwealth also makes Goods and Services Revenue Grants to make the general budget revenue provided to the states, as well as, the territories, it proposes direct grants to various non government organizations related to the health services, and also negotiates with the Public Health Outcome Funding Agreements existing in the states for ensuring undertaking of the certain activities related to the public health (Cai Kalb, 2006). Various policies and programs have been adopted by the government to provide financial aid to the citizens. For instance, Medicare is the service of the federal government that provides services and payment for the health care, as well as, the medicine. The Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme made by the government also subsidizes the cost pertaining to most of the medicines. The National Health and Medical Research Council is the main funding body of the Australian government for health, as well as, the medical research. The Health Insurance Commission is another body that is involved in the processes and pays all the claims and benefits, as well as, the records on the relevant data based on the Medicare and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (Donato Segal, 2013). Principles Adopted To Ensure Effective Health Care Systems: The development of various sets of principles by the Commission focuses on shaping the whole health, as well as, the aged care system to the large extent covering all the public, private, community, as well as, hospital based services. These priniciples include the provision of the comprehensive services throughout the continuum of care, patient focus, which means that the delivery of the care should meet the needs of the patients instead of the physician, geographic coverage meaning that the services should reach to every corner of the regions without neglecting the smaller and rural areas, delivery of standardized care with the help of interprofessional teams, which in turn will promote the continuity of the health care, information systems that maintains the electronic health records of all the patients, governance structure, which focuses on the working of various organizations and services in collaboration with each oth er for the upliftment of the integrated health systems, and financial management to provide better health care to all the individuals irrespective of their social and economical status (Day, 2008). Relation between the policies and the principles: Various policies have been implemented for carrying out these principles related to the provision of the health care services. For instance, Territory Health Services involve the administration of the health services for the individuals across the Northern Territory covering its vast geographic area. The Council of Australian Governments, coordinates Commonwealth, state, as well as, the territory governments activities at the highest level (Podger, 2014). The Department of Family and Childrens Services brings together the income support, as well as, the range of various community services to the single department. The Department of Veterans Affairs focuses on paying compensation, as well as, the income support, allied health, fund hospital services, community support programs, and counselling for all the war veterans and their dependants. The department mainly of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health aids special funding pr ograms for various Indigenous Australians and funding of various community-controlled health programs to deliver the additional health care (Etheredge, 2005). Role of the government in the healthcare system: Behind the conductance of the services related to the health system, there is a network of Australias government and its support mechanisms, which enables various health policies, legislation, regulation, coordination, as well as, the funding aspects related to the delivery of the quality health services. The governance, coordination, as well as, the regulation of the health services in Australia is a big task, and involves the responsibility of all the divisions and the levels of the government in a joint collaboration, with the planning, as well as, delivering of the health care services (Blewett, 2010). Legislation and the policies: The health care system of the Australia is an extensive, complex, loosely organized, and technically sophisticated system. High standards related to the medical care, usually prevail throughout various health care industries, as well as, the whole of the country. The health care system is described by various legislations and policies focusing on the equity of the services. The federal structure of the Australias government consists of the Commonwealth, State, as well as, territory, which all played the role and are involved in the Australias health system (Duckett, 2008). The dominant role played by the practitioners in the private sector during the provision of the care, usually on the basis of the fee-forservice is reduced with the increasing influence of the governments on the structure of the services related to the health care through different financing arrangements. There is universal access to the quality related to the medical care through the Commonwealth, as well as, the State funding system for Medicare. Moreover, there is a substantial private funding, which is regulated and supported by the Commonwealth to offer a degree of care in the system, particularly for the hospital care (Radford, 2010). Promotion of the universal health coverage in the country: The Universal Health Coverage is becoming the main and the growing focus of health globally, as well as, of sustainable development. Coverage of different population groups, financial protection, as well as, the benefits packages are the basic necessities of Universal Health Coverage in the global dialogue. The approach of Australia for delivering health services is underpinned by the approach of the universal health care system, which includes access of various health care services under the Medicare Benefits Schedule for free, as well as, subsidized health services, various benefits provided for the medical, as well as, the pharmaceutical services, there is an access to the required and affordable medicines via the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), and as a public patient there is a provision of the free public hospital treatment ("The Adelaide Statement on Health in All Policies: moving towards a shared governance for health and well-being", 2010). Moreover, the private health care system have the provision of the Medicare, which allows the citizens of the country to make a large financial contribution for attaining the health care in revert for the greater choice related to their receiving care (Broadhead, 2010). It has been observed that the Health expenditure is one of the major areas of the Commonwealth spending, and around $65 billion had been spent on the health services in the year 2013-14, which accounted for about 16% of the total expenditure of the Commonwealth. New knowledge, as well as, advancement in the technology is the fundamental drivers in delivering high quality of health care to the citizens of the country. Moreover, the government intervention regarding the supply of health care focuses on providing the cost-effective, quality health care services to the individuals who would otherwise be not able to afford the basic health services even, as this is regarded as the most effec tive, as well as, socially acceptable method to ameliorate the disadvantage faced by these individuals. Hence, these initiatives and policies of the government are contributing to the universal health coverage in the country, irrespective of the individuals social and economic status ("Government plans health and social care integration", 2013). Conclusion Summary of the key highlights: As per the discussion, it has been observed that the Health is of utmost importance in the Australia. The current health system of Australia has many strengths, as well as, the country has also produced an excellent health results for most of its citizens. However, the nature of the Australias health care is really complex and involves the major role of the government in regulating the proper and equal health care services to all the individuals and in the health system. The major expenditure in Australia is seen to be on the health care system with total expenditure of about $140.2 billion in the year 2011-2012, i.e. about 9.5% of the total gross domestic product of the country, compared with about expenditure of $82.9 billion in the year 2001-02 and around $132.6 billion in the 2010-11. Approximately, 70% of the total expenditure on the health care system during the period 2011-12 had been funded by the governments, where about 42.4% was funded by the Australian Government and about 27.3% was funded by the state, as well as, the territorial governments (Pinto, Molnar, Shankardass, OCampo, Bayoumi, 2015). Hence, by the above discussion, we can see that the Australia has made a very great progress regarding the improvement of the health of its entire population and is working towards achieving Universal Health Coverage. References Bates, E. (2010). THE CONSUMER AND THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM.Community Health Studies,2(2), 73-80. Blewett, N. (2010). THE POLICY CONTEXT IN AUSTRALIA: COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT SUPPORT FOR IMPROVED ACCESS TO HEALTH AND BETTER HEALTH*.Community Health Studies,12(1), 106-111. Broadhead, P. (2010). SOCIAL STATUS AND MORBIDITY IN AUSTRALIA.Community Health Studies,9(2), 87-98. Cai, L. Kalb, G. (2006). Health status and labour force participation: evidence from Australia.Health Econ.,15(3), 241-261. Day, G. (2008). Book Review: The Australian health care system.Aust. Health Review,32(2), 371. Donato, R. Segal, L. (2013). Does Australia have the appropriate health reform agenda to close the gap in Indigenous health?.Aust. Health Review. Duckett, S. (2008). The Australian health care system: reform, repair or replace?.Aust. Health Review,32(2), 322. Etheredge, L. (2005). Is It Time For A Government-Run Health Care System?.Health Affairs,24(2), 564-565. Government plans health and social care integration. (2013).Primary Health Care,23(5), 4-4. Humphreys, J. Weinand, H. (2010). HEALTH STATUS AND HEALTH CARE IN RURAL AUSTRALIA: A CASE STUDY.Community Health Studies,13(3), 258-275. Murray, S. Skull, S. (2005). Hurdles to health: immigrant and refugee health care in Australia.Aust. Health Review,29(1), 25. Pinto, A., Molnar, A., Shankardass, K., OCampo, P., Bayoumi, A. (2015). Economic considerations and health in all policies initiatives: evidence from interviews with key informants in Sweden, Quebec and South Australia.BMC Public Health,15(1), 171. Podger, R. (2014). Making Medicare: the Politics of Universal Health Care in Australia.Aust. Health Review,38(1), 119. Radford, A. (2010). IMMUNISATION PATTERNS IN AUSTRALIA: THE PRESENT SITUATION AND SUGGESTED FUTURE STRATEGIES.Community Health Studies,6(3), 228-238. The Adelaide Statement on Health in All Policies: moving towards a shared governance for health and well-being. (2010).Health Promotion International,25(2), 258-260. The importance of government policies in reducing employment related health inequalities. (2010).BMJ,340(jun30 2), c3480-c3480.